hachiman 八幡

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Hachiman.

Links

• Hachiman / The Sensation of Matsuri (by YANAGAWA Keiichi)
• Hachimangû / The Origin of Rites of Worship Within The Local Community (by HARADA Toshiaki)
• Hachiman / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)
• Hachiman / Healing in the New Religions: Charisma and `Holy Water' (by WATANABE Masako and IGETA Midori)
• Hachiman / Local Newspaper Coverage of Folk Shamans in Aomori Prefecture (by IKEGAMI Yoshimasa)
• Hachiman / Perspectives toward Understanding the Concept of Kami (by INOUE Nobutaka)

haiden 拝殿

hall of worship.

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Haiden.

Links

• haiden / The Origin of Rites of Worship Within The Local Community (by HARADA Toshiaki)
• haiden / Divine Symbols in Japanese Festivals (by NAKAMAKI Hirochika)
• haiden / Religious Space in the Village As Seen through Festival and Legend (by MOGI Sakae)

hakkô ichiu 八紘一宇

the whole world under one roof.

The word hakkô literally indicates the four cardinal directions and the four corners of the world, that is, everything under the sky or the whole world. The word ichiu is a single roof, in other words, a single family. Thus, the whole world belongs to one family. During WWII, the Japanese military promoted this ideology to justify its overseas territorial expansion. After the war, the use of this phrase was forbidden by the Occupation Forces.

Links

• Hakkô ichiu / Amenominakanushi no Kami in Late Tokugawa Period Kokugaku (by SASAKI Kiyoshi)

Hana Matsuri 花祭り

Flower Festival.

Either a ritual of offering a flower to a kami, or the kanbutsue, an event celebrating the birth of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha.

Links

• Hana Matsuri / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)
• hana matsuri / Religious Space in the Village As Seen through Festival and Legend (by MOGI Sakae)
• Hana matsuri / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)

harai, harae 祓

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Harae.

Links

• harai / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)
• harai / Translator's Postscript (by Norman Havens)
• harai / Local Newspaper Coverage of Folk Shamans in Aomori Prefecture (by IKEGAMI Yoshimasa)
• harai / Magatsubi no Kami and Motoori Norinaga's Theology (by UEDA Kenji)

hare -- ke ハレ・ケ

ordinary-extraordinary.

A folklore studies construct for indicating the fundamental understanding of time in the life of the Japanese. ke refers to the ordinary or everyday conception of time and hare refers to the extraordinary or non-everyday.

Links

• hare / Translator's Postscript (by Norman Havens)
• hare / The Changing Face of Japanese Folk Beliefs (by Norman Havens)
• hare and ke / Secularity and profanation in Japanese religion (SONODA Minoru)

Hase Yoshio 波瀬善雄

(1915-84). Founder of the New Religion called Reiha no hikari kyôkai.

Links

• Hase Yoshio / Recent Trends in the Study of Japanese New Religions (by INOUE Nobutaka)
• Hase Yoshio / Healing in the New Religions: Charisma and `Holy Water' (by WATANABE Masako and IGETA Midori)

hassaku 八朔

The first day of the eighth month according to the lunar calendar.

Links

• hassaku / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)

hatsumôde 初詣

the first pilgrimage of New Year's.

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Hatsumode.

Links

• Hatsumode / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)
• the first pilgrimage at New Year's / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)
• hatsu-mode / The search for a definition of secularization: Toward a general theory (IKADO Fujio)

hatsuuma 初午

the first day of horse.

The first day of the horse in the second lunar month. Observance of this day spread throughout Japan as a custom for revering Inari, a kami of foodstuffs known for its animal familiar, the fox. Hatsuuma Festivals are held at the Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto, the Toyokawa Inari Shrine in Aichi Prefecture, and various local Inari shrines.

Links

• the first day of the horse / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)

Hattori Nakatsune 服部中庸

(757-1824). A Kokugaku scholar of the Edo period who studied under Motoori Norinaga and theorized about the formation of the sun, earth, and moon. His thought influenced Hirata Atsutane.

Links

• Hattori Nakatsune / Amenominakanushi no Kami in Late Tokugawa Period Kokugaku (by SASAKI Kiyoshi)
• Hattori Nakatsune / Sano Tsunehiko and "Divine Principle (Shinri)" (by INOUE Nobutaka)

hayarigami ハヤリガミ

gods in fashion.

"Faddish deities," kami or buddhas forming the object of a temporary faddish cult based on rumors of some benefit or miracle.

Links

• hayarigami / Translator's Postscript (by Norman Havens)
• hayarigamisama / The Life of a Shamaness: Scenes from the Shamanism of Northeastern Japan (by KAWAMURA Kunimitsu)
• hayarigami / Wayside Shrines at Urban Train Stations: Religion at the Crossroads (by MURAKAMI Kôkyô)
• hayarigami / The Changing Face of Japanese Folk Beliefs (by Norman Havens)
• hayarigami / Perspectives toward Understanding the Concept of Kami (by INOUE Nobutaka)

heihaku 幣帛

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Heihaku.

Links

• heihakuryô / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)

heisoku 幣束

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Heihaku.

Links

• gohei / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)
• gohei / Divine Symbols in Japanese Festivals (by NAKAMAKI Hirochika)
• heisoku / Religious Space in the Village As Seen through Festival and Legend (by MOGI Sakae)
• gohei / Healing in the New Religions: Charisma and `Holy Water' (by WATANABE Masako and IGETA Midori)
• bonden / The Life of a Shamaness: Scenes from the Shamanism of Northeastern Japan (by KAWAMURA Kunimitsu)
• gohei / Wayside Shrines at Urban Train Stations: Religion at the Crossroads (by MURAKAMI Kôkyô)

himorogi 神籬

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Himorogi.

Links

• himorogi / The Origin of Rites of Worship Within The Local Community (by HARADA Toshiaki)

Hina Matsuri ひな祭り

Doll Festival (Girls' Day).

A festival for girls on March 3rd. Dolls are displayed on a tiered platform with offerings such as hishimochi (diamond-shaped rice cakes) and nigorizake (a sweet, cloudy rice wine). It is also called momo no sekku (literally, the seasonal festival of the peach).

Links

• Doll Festival / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)
• Doll's Festival / Annual Events and the Transformation of Japanese Religious Life (by ISHII Kenji)

Hirata Atsutane 平田篤胤

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Hirata Atsutane (1776-1843).

Links

• Hirata Atsutane / Festival and Sacred Transgression (by SONODA Minoru)
• Hirata Atsutane / Perspectives toward Understanding the Concept of Kami (by INOUE Nobutaka)
• Hirata Atsutane / Magatsubi no Kami and Motoori Norinaga's Theology (by UEDA Kenji)
• Hirata Atsutane / Amenominakanushi no Kami in Late Tokugawa Period Kokugaku (by SASAKI Kiyoshi)
• Hirata Atsutane / Sano Tsunehiko and "Divine Principle (Shinri)" (by INOUE Nobutaka)
• HIRATA Atsutane / Early modern KOKUGAKU (National studies) and new KOKUGAKU: Their growth and significance (UCHINO Gorô)

Hirayama Seisai 平山省斎

(1815-90). Founder of Shintô Taisei-kyô. He also at one time was the first chief priest of Ontake-kyô.

Links

• Kyôha Shintô / Basic Terms of Shinto: Kyôha Shintô
• Hirayama Seisai / The Fall of Renmonkyô, and Its Place in the History of Meiji-Period Religions (by TAKEDA Dôshô)
• Hirayama Seisai / Sano Tsunehiko and "Divine Principle (Shinri)" (by INOUE Nobutaka)

Hiruko ヒルコ (記: 水蛭子、紀: 蛭児)

The "leech-child" or deformed offspring of Izanagi and Izanami resulting from Izanami's error of speaking first during the performance of their ritualized courtship. Later, Hiruko was identified with Ebisu, one of the seven gods of good fortune and protector of voyages by sea.

Links

• Hiruko / Magatsubi no Kami and Motoori Norinaga's Theology (by UEDA Kenji)

Hitonomichi Kyôdan ひとのみち教団

A Shintô-based New Religion. Founded by Miki Tokuharu (1871-1938). The organization was dissolved in 1937 when Miki and his son, Tokuchika, were convicted of lèse-majesté. In 1946 the group was reestablished by Tokuchika under the name Perfect Liberty or PL Kyôdan. Headquartered in Tondabayashi City, Ôsaka-fu; reported membership is approximately 1.25 million.

Links

• Hitonomichi / Emperor and World Renewal in the New Religions: The Case of Shinsei Ryûjinkai (by TSUSHIMA Michihito)
• Hitonomichi Kyôdan / The Place of Ancestors in the New Religions: The Case of Reiyûkai-Derived Groups (by KÔMOTO Mitsugi)
• Hitonomichi Kyôdan / Local Newspaper Coverage of Folk Shamans in Aomori Prefecture (by IKEGAMI Yoshimasa)

hokora 祠

shrine.

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Hokora.

Links

• shrine / Wayside Shrines at Urban Train Stations: Religion at the Crossroads (by MURAKAMI Kôkyô)
• shrine / Wayside Shrines at Urban Train Stations: Religion at the Crossroads (by MURAKAMI Kôkyô)

honden 本殿

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Honden.

Links

• honden / Religious Space in the Village As Seen through Festival and Legend (by MOGI Sakae)
• honden / Healing in the New Religions: Charisma and `Holy Water' (by WATANABE Masako and IGETA Midori)

honji-suijaku setsu 本地垂迹説

See Basic Terms of Shinto: Honji-suijaku setsu.

Links

• honji-suijaku / Religious Space in the Village As Seen through Festival and Legend (by MOGI Sakae)
• honji-suijaku / Secularity and profanation in Japanese religion (SONODA Minoru)

Honmichi fukei jiken ほんみち不敬事件

Honmichi lèse majesté Incident.

In 1928 Ônishi Aijirô, the founder of the group called Tenri Kenkyûkai (later renamed Honmichi), and others were arrested and charged with lèse majesté for having distributed a document that denied the divine status of the emperor and warned of coming war and national crisis. The same documents were distributed again in 1939 in violation of the Peace Preservation Law, and members throughout Japan were once again arrested for lèse majesté. This is known as the Second Honmichi lèse majesté Incident and resulted in orders for the group to disband.

Links

• Honmichi fukei jiken / Emperor and World Renewal in the New Religions: The Case of Shinsei Ryûjinkai (by TSUSHIMA Michihito)
• Honmichi lèse majesté incident / Local Newspaper Coverage of Folk Shamans in Aomori Prefecture (by IKEGAMI Yoshimasa)

hôsankai 奉賛会

service association.

Also called sûkeikai. An association composed of a shrine's parishioners and non-parishioner devotees for the purpose of performing maintenance, construction, or improvements to the shrine.

Links

• Hôsankai / Healing in the New Religions: Charisma and `Holy Water' (by WATANABE Masako and IGETA Midori)
• hôsankai / Wayside Shrines at Urban Train Stations: Religion at the Crossroads (by MURAKAMI Kôkyô)